PERAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN (OJK) DALAM PENGAWASAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) has an important role in supervising financial technology (fintech) in Indonesia, especially the peer-to-peer (P2P) lending sector. The advancement of information technology that has given rise to fintech has brought major changes in access to financial services for the public. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, supported by literature studies and normative analysis of existing regulations. The results of the study show that fintech contributes positively to the Indonesian economy through increased financial inclusion and access for people who are underserved by traditional banking. However, significant challenges are still faced, especially related to the existence of illegal fintech that operates outside OJK regulations. As a regulator, OJK plays a role in establishing a legal framework, conducting supervision, and implementing Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles to protect consumers. This study also identifies internal and external obstacles in fintech supervision by the OJK. Internal obstacles include the lack of specific rules in setting interest rates and limitations in providing criminal sanctions for illegal fintech. External obstacles are difficulties in the supervision of illegal fintech which is growing rapidly, low understanding of the law, and high public preference for illegal fintech due to the ease of the process.

Keywords : Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), Financial Technology (Fintech), peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, Good Corporate Governance (GCG)

Abstrak. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) memiliki peran penting dalam pengawasan financial technology (fintech) di Indonesia, khususnya sektor peer-to-peer (P2P) lending. Kemajuan teknologi informasi yang memunculkan fintech telah membawa perubahan besar dalam akses layanan keuangan bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, didukung studi pustaka dan analisis normatif terhadap regulasi yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fintech berkontribusi positif pada perekonomian Indonesia melalui peningkatan inklusi keuangan dan akses bagi masyarakat yang kurang terlayani perbankan tradisional. Namun, tantangan signifikan masih dihadapi, terutama terkait dengan keberadaan fintech ilegal yang beroperasi di luar regulasi OJK. Sebagai regulator, OJK berperan menetapkan kerangka hukum, melakukan pengawasan, dan menerapkan prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG) untuk melindungi konsumen. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi hambatan internal dan eksternal dalam pengawasan fintech oleh OJK. Hambatan internal meliputi kurangnya aturan spesifik dalam menetapkan suku bunga serta keterbatasan dalam memberikan sanksi pidana bagi fintech ilegal. Hambatan eksternal berupa kesulitan dalam pengawasan fintech ilegal yang berkembang pesat, rendahnya pemahaman hukum masyarakat, serta tingginya preferensi masyarakat terhadap fintech ilegal karena kemudahan prosesnya.

Kata Kunci : Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), Financial Technology (Fintech), peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, Good Corporate Governance (GCG)