Sejarah dan Perkembangan Qawaid Fiqhiyyah (Perkembangan dari Masa Klasik hingga Kontemporer, Tokoh-tokoh Penyusun Kaidah)

Abstract

Qawaid fiqhiyyah is a very important methodological construct in Islamic law that functions to formulate general principles in establishing certain laws. This study aims to explore the historical development of qawaid fiqhiyyah from classical times to the modern era, including the role of key figures who shaped its structure epistemologically. By adopting a qualitative approach based on historical literature studies and analysis, this study describes the stages in the formation of rules from the beginning of the emergence of schools of thought, the codification phase in the Middle Ages, to methodological changes in the modern era influenced by the dynamics of society and the maqashid sharia. The research findings show that the function of qawaid fiqhiyyah has evolved: from mere formulations in jurisprudence to an adaptive methodological framework, capable of addressing current legal issues such as the digital economy, bioethics, and modern transactions. This study emphasizes the importance of qawaid fiqhiyyah in strengthening the flexibility of fiqh and its relevance in the development of Islamic law globally.