Tinjauan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah terhadap Optimalisasi Zakat Produktif dalam Pengembangan Usaha Mustahik (Studi Kasus: Inisiatif Zakat Indonesia (IZI) Perwakilan Jakarta)

Abstract

Poverty in Indonesia remains a serious issue, with 23.36 million people living below the poverty line as of September 2025. Productive zakat emerges as a more effective economic empowerment instrument compared to consumptive zakat; however, its field implementation still requires in-depth examination. This study aims to analyze the implementation of productive zakat programs, mentoring and monitoring patterns, and to examine whether the optimization of productive zakat at LAZNAS Inisiatif Zakat Indonesia (IZI) Jakarta Representative Office complies with Islamic Economic Law. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving three key informants: one program supervisor and two mustahik beneficiaries. The results show that IZI's productive zakat program has been implemented systematically through rigorous assessment mechanisms, provision of business capital and equipment, entrepreneurship training, and tiered daily, weekly, and monthly mentoring. The program consistently achieves its institutional target, whereby at least 8 out of 10 beneficiaries per cohort are able to sustain their businesses independently after the program's termination. This study concludes that the productive zakat optimization at IZI Jakarta Representative Office complies with Islamic Economic Law principles, grounded in the Al-Qur'an, Hadith, Law No. 23 of 2011, MUI Fatwa No. 14 of 2011, fiqh maxims, and maqashid al-syari'ah. In terms of empowerment theory, the program fulfills the three essential elements: enabling, empowering, and protecting.