Analisis Defect Produk Handle No. 1 pada Proses Injection Molding Menggunakan Diagram Pareto dan Fishbone
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61722/jipm.v4i1.1954Keywords:
Quality control, Injection molding, Pareto Diagram, Fishbone Diagram, Product Defects.Abstract
PT XYZ is an automotive component manufacturing company that is part of
the XYZ Group, which focuses on producing automotive spare parts with high quality
standards. This study aims to analyze the quality control system of the "Handle No. 1"
component product produced through the injection molding process at PT XYZ. This
study was conducted by direct observation of the production process, collecting data
on product Defects that occurred in June 2025, and analysis using Pareto Diagrams
and Fishbone Diagrams. The main objectives of this study are to identify the main
causes of product Defects and evaluate the quality control system implemented in the
company. The results of this study revealed that the two most frequent types of Defects
in the production process are Silverstrike and Shrinkmark, which together contribute
more than 68% to the total product Defects. Silverstrike Defects, which are silvery
lines on the product surface, were recorded at 339 occurrences, while Shrinkmark
Defects, which are caused by material shrinkage, were recorded at 226 occurrences.
These two Defects have a significant impact on product quality and production process
efficiency. Through analysis using a Fishbone Diagram, various factors causing
Defects were identified, categorized into five main areas: Human, Machine, Method,
Material, and Environment. Human factors, such as lack of adequate operator training
and insufficient attention to process details, were identified as key causes. From the
2 JIRS - VOLUME 1, NO. 1, SEPTEMBER 2023
machine side, unstable parameter settings were a significant factor, while from the
method side, the lack of clear standard operating procedures (SOPs) was a constraint.
From the material side, high resin humidity was a contributing factor, and
environmental factors, such as uncontrolled changes in room temperature, also
contributed to the occurrence of Defects. To address these issues, this study provides
several recommendations for improvement, including improving workforce
competency and training, implementing a condition-based equipment maintenance
system, developing more structured SOPs, strict monitoring of raw materials to
maintain humidity, and regulating environmental conditions in the production area to
reduce Defect rates and increase production efficiency.
Keywords: Quality control, Injection molding, Pareto Diagram, Fishbone Diagram,
Product Defects.
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