JENIS-JENIS KARYA ILMIAH DAN SISTEMATIKA PENULISANNYA: KAJIAN PUSTAKA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61722/jipm.v4i6.3262Keywords:
scientific writing; writing structure; journal article; literature review.Abstract
Scientific writing is an academic communication tool for presenting ideas, reviews, and research findings logically and accountably. Understanding the types and structures of scientific writing helps authors align a manuscript with its purpose, audience, and analytical depth. This article describes several forms of scientific writing and compares the structures of papers, academic essays, journal articles, and research reports. It uses a literature-review approach by examining the initial paper and relevant scholarly sources on essay structure and research reporting. The material is analyzed descriptively by grouping the characteristics, functions, and main components of each form. The review indicates that scientific writing includes papers, scientific articles, working papers, undergraduate theses, master's theses, doctoral dissertations, and research reports. Essays, opinion pieces, features, and popular science articles allow more flexible presentation, but still require clear arguments and adequate supporting information. Differences in structure reflect not only formatting conventions but also the purpose, type of evidence, and depth of analysis. Authors should therefore understand the characteristics of each form and follow the guidelines of the target journal or publisher.
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