Utilization of Waste Cooking Oil as Biodiesel for Portable Stoves: Comparison of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts

Rosmawati Sipayung; Rahma Amalia; Ra'ida Raudhatussya'rifah; Rara Ayu Lestary; Nita Widyastuti; Sri Mundarti; Nazarudin

doi:10.61722/jipm.v3i`1.734

Authors

Rosmawati Sipayung Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, KM 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi, 36361, Indonesia
Rahma Amalia Universitas Jambi
Ra'ida Raudhatussya'rifah Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, KM 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi, 36361, Indonesia
Rara Ayu Lestary Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, KM 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi, 36361, Indonesia
Nita Widyastuti Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, KM 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi, 36361, Indonesia
Sri Mundarti Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, KM 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi, 36361, Indonesia
Nazarudin Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, KM 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi, 36361, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61722/jipm.v3i`1.734

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Waste Cooking Oil, Portable Stove, NaOH, CaO

Abstract

This research investigates the performance comparison between homogeneous (NaOH) and heterogeneous (CaO) catalyst in biodiesel production from waste cooking oil, specifically focusing on their application as fuel for portable stoves. The study examines the effects of catalyst type with NaOH concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, and CaO concentrations of 4% and 6%, along with methanol-to-oil molar ratios (1:6 and 1:12) on biodiesel yield, product color, and flame characteristics. Results show that NaOH catalyst achieved higher yields (92.30%) at 3% concentration with a 1:6 methanol-to-oil ratio, while CaO catalyst reached maximum yields of 42.00% at 6% concentration with a 1:12 ratio. NaOH-catalyzed biodiesel consistently produced clear yellow coloration, whereas CaO-catalyzed biodiesel showed varying clarity depending on process conditions. In portable stove applications, NaOH-catalyzed biodiesel demonstrated superior performance with faster combustion rates (0.0607 ml/second) and blue flames, compared to CaO-catalyzed biodiesel's slower combustion (0.0412 ml/second) and yellowish-red flames.

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