PERANCANGAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN FORMULA SABUN SEPATU FOAM DENGAN METODE SEVEN TOOLS

Abstract

Abstract. The growth of the shoe care industry has driven the demand for practical and safe cleaners, such as foam-based soaps. However, SHOECLE, a local MSME, faces quality issues including foam instability, sticky residue post-cleaning, and unpleasant odors caused by sub-optimal initial formulations. This study aims to identify the dominant types of defects, analyze their root causes, and design a stable and safe waterless shoe foam formula using the Seven Tools of Quality Control method. Primary data were collected through laboratory experiments with variations of plant-based surfactants, namely Coco Glucoside and Cocamidopropyl Betaine, alongside testing physical parameters (pH, viscosity, and foam stability). Analysis using Check Sheets and Pareto Charts revealed that functional defects (fast-dissolving foam) and texture defects (sticky residue) were the most dominant issues, accounting for the majority of total failures. Fishbone Diagram analysis identified material factors (imbalanced surfactant composition and the use of baking soda) and method factors (lack of standardized mixing processes) as the primary root causes. Through stratification analysis and control charts, a newly proposed formula was developed by optimizing the blend of Coco Glucoside and Cocamidopropyl Betaine while eliminating baking soda and synthetic dyes. The final product successfully met technical quality standards with a safe neutral pH range (7.0–8.5) and proved highly effective for cleaning canvas, mesh, and synthetic leather materials without leaving any sticky residue.

Keywords: Shoe Foam Soap, Seven Tools, Quality Control, Formula Optimization, MSME.

Abstrak. Perkembangan industri perawatan sepatu mendorong peningkatan kebutuhan terhadap pembersih yang praktis dan aman, seperti sabun berbasis busa (foam). Namun, UMKM Brand SHOECLE menghadapi kendala kualitas berupa ketidakstabilan busa, terbentuknya residu lengket pasca-pembersihan, dan timbulnya aroma menyengat akibat formulasi awal yang kurang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis cacat dominan, menganalisis akar penyebabnya, serta merancang formula sabun sepatu foam waterless yang stabil dan aman menggunakan metode Seven Tools of Quality Control. Data primer diperoleh melalui eksperimen laboratorium dengan variasi jenis surfaktan nabati (plant-based) seperti Coco Glucoside dan Cocamidopropyl Betaine serta pengujian parameter fisik (pH, viskositas, dan stabilitas busa). Hasil analisis menggunakan Check Sheet dan Pareto Chart menunjukkan bahwa cacat fungsi (busa cepat cair) dan cacat tekstur (residu lengket) merupakan masalah paling dominan yang mencakup mayoritas total kegagalan. Analisis Fishbone Diagram mengidentifikasi faktor material (komposisi surfaktan tidak seimbang dan penggunaan baking soda) serta metode (ketiadaan standar pencampuran) sebagai akar penyebab utama. Melalui analisis stratifikasi dan peta kendali, usulan formula baru dikembangkan dengan mengoptimalkan kombinasi Coco Glucoside dan Cocamidopropyl Betaine serta mengeliminasi penggunaan baking soda dan pewarna sintetis. Produk akhir berhasil memenuhi standar kualitas teknis dengan rentang pH netral yang aman (7,0–8,5) serta terbukti efektif diaplikasikan pada material canvas, mesh, dan synthetic leather tanpa meninggalkan residu lengket.

Kata kunci: Sabun Sepatu Foam, Seven Tools, Pengendalian Kualitas, Optimalisasi Formula, UMKM.